4. data independence

DBMS Published 30 Sept 2026 Updated 30 Sept 2026 0 Views Verified

What does logical data independence mean?

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Answer & Explanation

4 Answers

Verified Correct Answer

Option A

Applications can remain largely unaffected when the logical schema changes at a level that does not alter their required external view.

Additional Explanation

Correct implementation. Prefer parameterized queries in application code, validate affected rows for UPDATE/DELETE, and use transactions for related writes.

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Option B

Every query becomes faster after an ALTER TABLE.

Additional Explanation

This option is incorrect for the stated requirement.

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Option C

Rows are automatically encrypted.

Additional Explanation

This option is incorrect for the stated requirement.

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Option D

Backups never need restoration testing.

Additional Explanation

This option is incorrect for the stated requirement.